Page last updated on 2021 June 08
Note: ECE 1B used to be ECE 1 (see history at the end of this page)
Enrollment code: 11676
Prerequisite: Open to computer engineering students only
Class meetings: M 5:00-6:15, asynch. recorded lectures
Instructor: Professor Behrooz Parhami
Zoom office hours: M 5:00-6:00 (details on GauchoSpace)
Course announcements: Listed in reverse chronological order
Grading scheme: Pass/Fail grade is assigned based on attendance*
Course calendar: Schedule of lectures and links to lecture slides
The ten lectures: Lecture summaries and references
Additional topics: Possible replacements for current lectures
Attendance* record: Please check regularly for possible errors
Miscellaneous information: Motivation, catalog entry, history
Note: The design and goals of this innovative freshman seminar are described in a brief article, a short paper, and a full paper:
- IEEE Computer, Vol. 42, No. 3, Mar. 2009 (PDF file)
- IEEE Trans. Education, Vol. 52, No. 3, Aug. 2009 (PDF file)
- Computer Science Education, Vol. 18, No. 4, Dec. 2008 (PDF file)
Pass/Not-Pass grading is based on attendance* and class participation. There will be no homework or exam.
0 absence: Automatic "Pass."
1 absence: "Pass" if you submit a written statement to explain the absence. Any explanation is acceptable.
2 absences: Can earn a "Pass" grade by taking an oral final exam covering the two missed lectures.
3 or more absences: Automatic "Not-Pass."
Normally, attendance is taken as follows. Attendance slips are distributed at the beginning of each class session, with additional slips supplied to those arriving up to 10 minutes late. Students write their names and perm numbers on the slips and turn them in before leaving the classroom at the end of the lecture. You have to turn in your attendance slip in person, not through another student.
For spring 2021, we will have asynchronous on-line lectures and a flipped-classroom model, so assessment and grading are different. See paragraph e of the item for 2/13 under Course Announcements above.
Day & Date (Lecture slides, ppt + pdf, and ppt handout) Lecture topic [Lead puzzle]
M 3/29 (ppt, pdf, lecture 1, last updated 2020/03/20) Easy, Hard, Impossible! [Collatz's conjecture]
M 4/05 (ppt, pdf, lecture 2, last updated 2020/04/02) Placement and routing [Houses and utilities]
M 4/12 (ppt, pdf, lecture 3, last updated 2020/04/08) Satisfiability [Making change]
M 4/19 (ppt, pdf, lecture 4, last updated 2020/04/15) Cryptography [Secret messages]
M 4/26 (ppt, pdf, lecture 5, last updated 2020/04/23) Byzantine generals [Liars and truth-tellers]
M 5/03 (ppt, pdf, lecture 6, last updated 2020/04/27) Binary search [Counterfeit coin]
M 5/10 (ppt, pdf, lecture 7, last updated 2020/05/03) Task scheduling [Sudoku]
M 5/17 (ppt, pdf, lecture 8, last updated 2020/05/12) String matching [Word search]
M 5/24 (ppt, pdf, lecture 9, last updated 2020/05/19) Sorting networks [Rearranging trains]
M 5/31 Memorial Day observance: No lecture during spring 2021 (ppt, pdf, lecture (N/A), last updated 2016/05/26) Malfunction diagnosis [Logical reasoning]
F 6/04, 12:00-7:00 PM (Half-hour oral final exams, to be scheduled for those with 2 absences)
W 6/16 (Grades due by midnight)
A one-page summary for each of the ten lectures is included in the following paper; additional print and on-line references are given below.
Parhami, B., "A Puzzle-Based Seminar for Computer Engineering Freshmen," Computer Science Education, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 1-17, Dec. 2008. (PDF file)
Lecture 1: Easy, Hard, Impossible
Fun with Fibonacci numbers, by Gareth E. Roberts [Seminar slides]
Fibonacci numbers: family trees for bees (BP's Math+Fun page) [Word file]
More on Collatz's conjecture [Wikipedia article]
On the unprovability of Collatz's conjecture, by C. A. Feinstein [Article]
Lecture 2: Placement and Routing
Houses and utilities puzzle [The Math Forum @ Drexel]
Euler's Formula: V – E + F = 2 [Twenty Proofs]
Lecture 3: Satisfiability
Making $5 Using 50 Coins [Ask Dr. Math]
Interactive game, by O. Roussel [The SAT Game]
Lecture 4: Cryptography
Web-based tutorial by P. Gutman [Cryptography and Security]
Web page maintained by T. Sale [The Enigma Cipher Machine]
The Enigma explained [12-minute video]
The fatal flaw in Enigma [11-minute video]
NSA Mathematician David Pery's 65-minute talk on Enigma (cryptography)
Introduction to Cryptography, by John Mason (thebestvpn)
Khan Academy 10-minute video on the Enigma: Part of the module "Journey into Cryptography"
Lecture 5: Byzantine Generals
Saka, P., How to Think About Meaning, Springer, 2007
Resource Web page by A. Montalban and Y. Interian [Liars and Truth-Teller Puzzles] (Link broken?)
Lecture 6: Binary Search
Du, D.-Z., and F.K. Hwang, Combinatorial Group Testing and Its Applications, 2nd ed., World Scientific, 2000 (See Chapter 16, pp. 295-318)
Programs for solving counterfeit-coin problems [Coding resources and hints]
Lecture 7: Task Scheduling
Aaronson, L., "Sudoku Science: A Popular Puzzle Helps Researchers Dig into Deep Math," IEEE Spectrum, Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 16-17, February 2006
Online Sudoku and other interesting logic puzzles [Logic Games Online]
Lecture 8: String Matching
Website with free online tools for creating word-search and other puzzles [Puzzlemaker]
Lecture 9: Sorting Networks
Hayes, B., "Trains of Thought: Computing with Locomotives and Box Cars Takes a One-Track Mind," American Scientist, Vol. 95, No. 2, pp. 108-113, March-April 2007 [Read on-line]
Parhami, B., Introduction to Parallel Processing: Algorithms and Architectures, Plenum Press, 1999 (See Chapter 7, pp. 129-147, for an introduction to sorting networks)
Lecture 10: Malfunction Diagnosis
Logic problems [Expand Your Mind] (Link broken?)
Somani, A. K., V. K. Agarwal, and D. Avis, "A Generalized Theory for System Level Diagnosis," IEEE Trans. Computers, Vol. 36, No. 5, pp. 538-546, May 1987
The following additional topics are being considered for inclusion as future lecture topics:
Topic A: Computational Geometry
Puzzles based on visual tricks and optical illusions
Web site devoted to discrete and computational geometry [The Geometry Junkyard]
See lectures 7 and 8 in the fall 2016 offering of the freshman seminar INT 94TN
Topic B: Loss of Precision
Puzzles based on logical paradoxes and absurdities
Parhami, B., Computer Arithmetic: Algorithms and Hardware Designs, Oxford University Press, 2000 (See Problems 1.1-1.3)
Topic C: Secret Sharing
Puzzles based on anonymous complainers and whistle blowers
Shamir, A., "How to Share a Secret," Communications of the ACM, Vol. 22, No. 11, pp. 612-613, 1979
Secret sharing [Wikipedia article]
Topic D: Amdahl's Law
Puzzles on river and bridge crossings
Parhami, B., Computer Architecture: From Microprocessors to Supercomputers, Oxford University Press, 2005 (See Section 4.3)
Amdahl's law [Wikipedia article]
Topic E: Predicting the Future
Puzzles based on determining the next term in a series
Sloane, N.J.A., "Find the Next Term," J. Recreational Mathematics, Vol. 7, No. 2, p. 146, Spring 1974 [GIF]
Sloane, N.J.A., Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences [Access on-line]
See lectures 1 and 2 in the fall 2016 offering of the freshman seminar INT 94TN
Topic F: Circuit Value Problem
Puzzles based on parallelization of hopelessly sequential problems
Greenlaw, R., H.J. Hoover, and W.L. Ruzzo, Limits to Parallel Computation: P-Completeness Theory, Oxford University Press, 1995 (See Section 4.2, pp. 75-76)
Topic G: Maps and Graphs
Puzzles based on map/graph coloring and graph properties
Feeman, T.G., Portraits of the Earth: A Mathematician Looks at Maps, American Mathematical Society, 2002
See lectures 9 and 10 in the fall 2016 offering of the freshman seminar INT 94TN
Topic H: Device Variability
Puzzles based on detecting differences in two nearly identical images
Tutorial sources about nanoelectronics device variability and design under variability to be located
Topic I: Cellular Automata
Conway's Game of Life
Wikipedia article on Conway's Game of Life
Martin Gardner's Scientific American article on Conway's Game of Life
Eric Weisstein's Treasure Trove of the Life Cellular Automaton
Topic J: Recommender Systems
Puzzles based on finding similarities or differences among a series of images
Fingerprint matching; Google's page-rank algorithm
Mining massive datasets (YouTube videos) [See in particular video 5.1]
See lectures 3 and 4 in the fall 2016 offering of the freshman seminar INT 94TN
Topic K: 3D Models from 2D Images
Puzzles based on deducing the shapes of 3D objects from 2D projections
3D illudion in 2D drawings (sidewalk art)
Architecrtural visualization; preserving models of historical sites in danger or collapse/destruction;
Modeling industrial parts and assemblies; layered models (3D printing)
See lectures 5 and 6 in the fall 2016 offering of the freshman seminar INT 94TN
In the following table, absence is marked with a "1" and presense with a "0". The first ten columns correspond to Lectures 1-10, the next column, Σ, is the total number of absences, and "Mrep" is the first few digits of the reversed Perm Number. For example, a student with the Perm Number 9876543 will have a Mrep code of 3, 34, 345, 3456, ... , depending on whether other students have Perm Numbers with the same ending.
For the spring 2021 offering, "attendance" means that you sent the instructor an e-mail message with the subject line "ECE 1B Attendance Report, Lecture n, Monday 2021/mm/dd" (with your full name and Perm Number along with the answers to the four questions in the body of the message as A1 to A4, and attached jpg diagrams, if needed), and that your submission was reasonable (not all answers need to be correct, as long as you demonstrate that you did the requisite work). Answers should include adequate justifications; I was quite liberal in assessing attendance reports for Lecture 1, but please include adequate justifications, and not just the answer, in future reports. Due to one of our class sessions coinciding with the Memorial Day observance on 5/31, Lecture 10 has been cancelled and attendance will be assessed based only on Lectures 1-9.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 Σ Mrep Notes about attendance, oral final exam, and grade
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 02 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 03 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 04 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 056 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 058 Pass
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 06 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 085 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 086 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 094 Pass (based on oral final exam on F 6/04, 12:00 PM)
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 096 Pass
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 12 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 15 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 162 Pass
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 163 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 164 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 166 Pass
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 18 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 22 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 Pass
0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 26 Pass (based on ral final exam on F 6/04, 12:30 PM)
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 27 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 28 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 29 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 33 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 36 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 37 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 390 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 394 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4114 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4117 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 413 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 415 Pass
0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 43 Pass (based on oral final exam on F 6/04, 8:30 AM)
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 44 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 46 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 48 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 49 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 52 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 531 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 532 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 545 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 549 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 55 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 56 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 62 Pass
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 64 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 65 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 683 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 6892 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6895 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 691 Pass
0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 694 Pass (based on oral final exam on T 6/08, 7:30 PM)
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 714 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 72 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 74 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 75 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 78 Pass
0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 6 79 Not pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 804 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 809 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 81 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 82 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 85 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 87 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 891 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 898 Pass
0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 90 Not pass (no-show at oral final exam on T 6/08, 8:00 PM)
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 94 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 95 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 974 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 979 Pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 981 Pass
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 9 986 Not pass
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 991 Pass
1 4 3 8 5 8 8 3 23 0 63 999 Column totals
Motivation: Whether they work in the industry or in academic research settings, computer engineers face many challenges in their quest to design or effectively employ faster, smaller, lower-energy, more reliable, and cost-effective systems. Most computer engineering students do not begin tackling such problems, and more generally are not exposed to specific challenges of their field of study, until they enroll in upper-division major courses. Meanwhile, during their freshman- and sophomore-year experiences with foundational courses in mathematics, physics, electrical circuits, and programming, they wonder about where they are headed and what types of problems they will encounter as working professionals. This course is intended to provide an introduction to day-to-day problems and research endeavors in computer engineering via their connections to familiar mathematical and logical puzzles.
Catalog entry: 1B. Ten Puzzling Problems in Computer Engineering. (1) PARHAMI. Seminar, 1 hour.
Prerequisite: Open to computer engineering majors only.
Repeat comments: Not open for credit for those who have taken ECE 1.
Gaining familiarity with, and motivation to study, the field of computer engineering, through puzzle-like problems that represent a range of challenges facing computer engineers in their daily problem-solving efforts and at the frontiers of research.
History: This 1-unit freshman seminar (offered since 2007) was proposed and developed by Professor Parhami. The main goal of the seminar is to expose students to challenging computer engineering problems, faced by practicing engineers and research scientists, in a motivating and entertaining way. The course is useful because CE students have very limited exposure to key concepts in their chosen major during their initial studies that involve mostly foundational, basic science, and general-education courses. Beginning with the AY 2013-2014, the seminar was renamed from ECE 1 to ECE 1B to accommodate another freshman seminar, ECE 1A, that exposes students to a roadmap for their studies at UCSB, their career choices, and leading-edge research topics. During fall 2016 and fall 2018, a similar freshman seminar, INT 94TN, was offered at the campus level to introduce science and technology topics to students from different (non-science/engineering) disciplines.
Offering of ECE 1B in spring 2021
Offering of ECE 1B in spring 2020
Offering of ECE 1B in spring 2019
Offering of ECE 1B in spring 2018
Offering of ECE 1B in spring 2017
Offering of ECE 1B in spring 2016 (PDF file)
Offering of ECE 1B in spring 2015 (PDF file)
Offering of ECE 1B in spring 2014 (PDF file)
Offering of ECE 1 in spring 2013 (PDF file)
Offering of ECE 1 in spring 2012 (PDF file)
Offering of ECE 1 in spring 2011 (PDF file)
Offering of ECE 1 in spring 2010 (PDF file)
Offering of ECE 1 in spring 2009 (PDF file)
Offerings of ECE 1 in 2007 and 2008 (PDF file)